5th Grade - Gateway 1
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Focus & Coherence
| Score | |
|---|---|
Gateway 1 - Does Not Meet Expectations | 21% |
Criterion 1.1: Focus | 0 / 2 |
Criterion 1.2: Coherence | 0 / 4 |
Criterion 1.3: Coherence | 3 / 8 |
The instructional materials reviewed for Grade 5 enVisions Math 2.0 did not meet the expectations for Gateway 1. The materials did not meet the expectations for focusing on the major work of the grade nor for coherence. Some strengths were found and noted in the coherence criterion as the instructional materials partially met some of the expectations for coherence. Overall, the instructional materials did not allocate enough time to the major work of the grade for Grade 5 nor did they always meet the full depth of the standards.
Criterion 1.1: Focus
The instructional material reviewed for Grade 5 do not meet the expectations for focus within assessment. Overall, above grade-level content, including statistical distributions, was included on multiple assessments.
Indicator 1a
The assessment materials reviewed for Grade 5 do not meet expectations for focus within assessment. There are many lessons in the materials that would need to be modified or omitted because of their alignment to above grade-level standards.
The series is divided into topics, and each topic has a topic assessment and a topic performance assessment. Additional assessments include a placement test found in Topic 1, four cumulative/benchmark assessments, and a End-of-Year Assessment. The assessments items which assess future grade-level standards are listed below.
- Statistical distributions are assessed and do appear in the Grade 5 materials. Topic 12, item 6 on the Topic Assessment and item 1D on the Performance Assessment assesses if the data has an outlier; this assesses 6.SP.B, giving quantitative measures of center (median and/or mean) and variability (interquartile range and/or mean absolute deviation), as well as describing any overall pattern and any striking deviations from the overall pattern with reference to the context in which the data were gathered. A closer examination of the instruction related to this item revealed the following work on statistics which distract from focus. The following pages include instruction on outliers which demonstrates the prolific off-grade level work and how removing it would heavily modify the materials:
- Pages 696-698 vocabulary word cards. "An outlier is a value that is much greater or much less than the other values in the data set."
- Page 699A in the support for ELL section: "What do you think outlier means? [Something that is very different from the rest.]" and "Explain, in writing, whether you think there is an outlier in the line plot, why or why not?"
- Page 700 "An outlier is any value that is very different from the rest of the values."
- Pages 703-703 "What is the outlier in this data? Give a reason why you think this outlier occurred."
- Outlier is used in direct instruction, activities, students pages, intervention, reteaching, and homework on the following pages: 695A,695E, 695I, 696-698, 699A700, 701,702, 703A, 703,704 705A, 707, 708, 715,716, 721A, 724,725,727, 728, 729, 730, 730A, 773C.
Notes:
- Topic 3 #10 unit assessment,Topic 8, Cumulative Assessment items 8 and 18, and Topic 6 Unit Assessment 13 do not require the students to do any mathematics.
Criterion 1.2: Coherence
Students and teachers using the materials as designed devote the large majority of class time in each grade K-8 to the major work of the grade.
The instructional materials reviewed for Grade 5 do not meet the expectations for focus within major clusters. The amount of time spent on major work is approximetely 62 percent, and there is a significant amount of time dedicated to off-grade level work. Overall, the instructional material does not spend the majority of class time in the major clusters of the grade.
Indicator 1b
Instructional material spends the majority of class time on the major cluster of each grade.
The instructional materials reviewed for Grade 5 do not meet the expectations for focus within major clusters. Overall, the instructional materials do not spend the majority of class time on the major clusters of each grade.
To determine this, three perspectives were evaluated: 1) the number of topics devoted to major work, 2) the number of lessons devoted to major work, and 3) the number of days devoted to major work. The number of days is the same as the number of lessons. A lesson level analysis is more representative of the instructional materials than a topic level analysis because the number of lessons within each topic is inconsistent, and we drew our conclusion based on that data.
Grade 5 enVision Math 2.0 includes 16 Topics with 112 lessons. At the topic level ten of the 16 focus on major work. One topic is focused on supporting work but supports the major work of the grade. One topic (Topic 16) focuses on work which does not reach the depth of Grade 5 work.
As mentioned above, a lesson level analysis is more representative of the instructional materials than a topic level analysis because the number of lessons within each topic is inconsistent. At the lesson level 62 lessons focus on major work, seven lessons focus on supporting work and support the major work of the grade, 14 lessons focus on the supporting work without supporting the major work, 28 lessons focus on off grade-level topics, and one lesson focuses on other work. At the lesson level approximately 55 percent of the lessons focus on major work, approximately 6 percent of the lessons focus on supporting work which supports the major work, approximately 13 percent focus on supporting work which does not support the major work, approximately 25 percent focus on off-grade level work, and approximately 1 percent focus on other work. At the lesson level, approximately 62 percent of the lessons focus on major work of the grade; this is not within the range of 65-85 percent.
Criterion 1.3: Coherence
Coherence: Each grade's instructional materials are coherent and consistent with the Standards.
The instructional materials reviewed for Grade 5 do not meet the expectations for being coherent and consistent with the CCSSM. The instructional materials do not have enough materials to be viable for a school year and do not always meet the depth of the standards. The majority of instructional materials do not have supporting content enhancing focus and coherence simultaneously but do have objectives which are clearly shaped by the CCSSM. Overall, the instructional materials for Grade 5 do not exhibit enough characteristics of coherence.
Indicator 1c
Supporting content enhances focus and coherence simultaneously by engaging students in the major work of the grade.
The instructional materials reviewed for Grade 5 partially meet expectations that supporting content enhances focus and coherence by engaging students in the major work of the grade. Some of the supporting work is treated separately and does not support the major work of the grade, and many natural connections are missed.
The following details supporting work in the instructional materials.
- Topic 11 is focused on converting measurements. All but one lesson supports the major work of the grade. However, there are missed connections with powers of ten and decimals, 5.NBT.2.
- Topic 12 is focused on data and is mainly treated separately from the major work of the grade. Lesson 12-3 touches on using operations with fractions, mainly with two types of questions – finding the total and finding the difference between highest value and lowest value.
- Topic 13 is focused on using parentheses and brackets. A few of the problems support the major work of the grade by including decimals and fractions in the problems.
- Topic 14 is focused on graphing on the coordinate plane to solve real world problems. This work is treated separately from the major work of the grades.
- Topic 15 is focused on analyzing patterns and relationships. A few of the problems support the major work by including decimals and fractions in the problems.
- Topic 16 is focused on classifying two dimensional figures and is treated separately from the major work of the grade.
Indicator 1d
The amount of content designated for one grade level is viable for one school year in order to foster coherence between grades.
The amount of content designated for one grade level is not viable for one school year in order to foster coherence between grades. The pacing guide assumes one lesson per day as stated on page TP-23A. The enVison Math 2.0 Grade 5 program consists of 112 lessons, grouped in 16 topics. Assessments are not included in this count; if the 16 days of assessment are added in this would bring the count to 128 days. This is still below the standard school year of approximately 140-190 days of instruction. Significant modifications by the teacher would need to be made to the program materials to be viable for one school year.
Indicator 1e
Materials are consistent with the progressions in the Standards i. Materials develop according to the grade-by-grade progressions in the Standards. If there is content from prior or future grades, that content is clearly identified and related to grade-level work ii. Materials give all students extensive work with grade-level problems iii. Materials relate grade level concepts explicitly to prior knowledge from earlier grades.
The instructional materials reviewed for Grade 5 partially meet the expectations for being consistent with the progressions in the standards. Overall, the materials give students extensive work with grade-level problems and relate grade-level concepts explicitly to prior knowledge from earlier grades, but the materials do not reach the full depth of the standards and do not always clearly identify work that is off grade-level.
Material related to future grade-level content is not clearly identified or related to grade-level work. The exception is the topic titled "Step up to 6th grade" where the materials are clearly identified as Grade 6 materials. The Grade 5 materials have some instances where future grade-level content is present and not identified as such. For example:
- In Topic 2, Lesson 4-6 use a procedure for adding and subtracting decimals instead of building on conceptual understanding.
- Lessons 5-5 and 5-7 address the standard algorithm for division which more closely aligns to 6.NS.2.
- Lessons 12-1 to 12-3 have students finding the outlier in a data set, 6.SP.5c.
The content does not always meet the full depth of standards. This occurs due to a lack of lessons addressing the full depth of standards. For example:
- In Topic 2, all 7 lessons cite 5.NBT.7 for addition and subtraction. Of the 7 lessons, the first 3 focus on using concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value. In lesson 2-4, students are introduced to the standard algorithm for addition, and in lesson 2-5, students are introduced to the standard algorithm for subtraction, which is continued for addition and subtraction in 2-6. The seventh lesson focuses on the standards for mathematical practice.
- Topic 4 cites 5.NBT.7 for 9 of the 10 lessons for multiplication of decimals, and 6 of those 9 lessons use concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value. In lessons 4-4 and 4-9, students use the standard algorithm for multiplication. The tenth lesson focuses on the MPs.
- Topic 6 cites 5.NBT.7 for 8 of the 9 lessons for division of decimals, and 4 of those 8 lessons use concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value. In lessons 6-4, 6-5, 6-7, and 6-8, students use the standard algorithm for division. The ninth lesson focuses on the standards for mathematical practice.
- The last part of 5.NBT.7 states that students should "relate the strategy to a written method and explain the reasoning used." The lessons in Topics 2, 4 and 6 that align to 5.NBT.7 offer few opportunities for students to explain the chosen strategy or reasoning used themselves.
The materials extensively work with grade-level problems, for example:
- All students complete grade-level materials, and suggestions for re-teaching and intervention are included with each lesson and at the end of each topic.
- Online resources include extra, on-level and advanced-practice materials.
- A math and science project is available for each topic taught.
- Homework practice problems are identified in the teacher edition as intervention, on-level, and advanced.
- The numbers of topics focusing on Grade 5 domains are as follows: 6 out of 16 topics address number and operations in base ten; 3 out of 16 topics address number and operations - Fractions; 2 out of 16 topics address operations and algebraic thinking; 3 out of 16 topics address measurement and data; and 2 out of 16 topics address geometry.
The materials generally relate grade-level concepts to prior knowledge within the introduction of each topic, for example:
- "Math Background: Coherence" includes "Look Back" and "Look Ahead" commentary, connecting to mathematics that came earlier in Grade 5, explaining connections to the content within the topic, and explaining what will come later in Grades 5 and 6. An example can be found on pages 1c-1d for Topic 1.
- Individual lessons also include coherence headings. An example is in lesson 13-3 on page 747A that includes the heading, "Coherence: Throughout the program, students have been exposed to the meaning of the operations, starting with addition and subtraction ... to write numerical expressions with more than one operation and parentheses."
- In Topic 7, for 5.NF.B, students are extending their knowledge of addition and subtraction of fractions to add/subtract fractions with unlike denominators.
- In Topic 10, for 5.MD.A, students are building on their ability to calculate area to calculate volume.
- In Topic 11, for 5.MD.A, students build on their measurement knowledge to calculate measurement conversions.
However, there are times when critical connections to prior learning are missed or stated incorrectly.
- 5.NF.4/5.NF.7 - The teacher's guide makes links to prior grade work with operations with fractions but does not link prior (or current) grade work with multiplication and division and related models to the work with multiplying and dividing fractions; connections to these operations and decimals may have been particularly useful.
- 5.NBT.6/5.NBT.7 - The teacher's guide combines five topics together and has one column on one page of prior, grade-level standards. This link is focused on Grade 4 work with addition and subtraction and multiplication and division. The visual includes an example of the standard algorithm for division, but this is not the only method students were taught or would primarily have as they transition from Grade 4 to Grade 5. This suggests that this is the way division should be taught in Grade 4 and/or that students may be coming to them in Grade 5 with this as their primary strategy. Fraction multiplication is also included here, but it is not made clear how it connects to the content of Topics 2-6. Little attention is given to the previous conceptual learning students had in 1st-4th grade regarding operations and how this learning development may be connected to where students are headed with their work with division and with operations with decimals.
Indicator 1f
Materials foster coherence through connections at a single grade, where appropriate and required by the Standards i. Materials include learning objectives that are visibly shaped by CCSSM cluster headings. ii. Materials include problems and activities that serve to connect two or more clusters in a domain, or two or more domains in a grade, in cases where these connections are natural and important.
The instructional materials reviewed for Grade 5 partially meet the expectations for fostering coherence through connections at a single grade, where appropriate and required by the standards. Overall, the materials include learning objectives that are visibly shaped by CCSSM cluster headings, but the materials lack problems and activities that connect two or more clusters in a domain or two more domains in the grade.
The materials are designed at the cluster level, and this design feature is represented throughout the material in the form of a color-coded wheel identifying the cluster focus of each unit. The materials include learning objectives which are visibly shaped by CCSSM cluster headings, and the Topic Planner at the beginning of each topic has an example of this.
- The focus of Topic 12 is 5.MD.B, Represent and interpret data. Lesson objectives in Topic 12 include: L1 - Read and analyze line plots and L2 - Organize and display data in a line plot.
- A similar example for Topics 8 and 9 can be found on pages 455I - 455J.
The materials for Grade 5 enVision Math 2.0 do not foster coherence through grade-level connections. Most lessons in the Grade 5 program focus within a single domain and cluster. Of 112 lessons, 101 lessons focus within a single cluster and domain.
- In Topic 1, 0 of the 7 lessons address standards within two or more clusters.
- In Topic 2, 0 of the 7 lessons address standards within two or more clusters.
- In Topic 3, 0 of the 7 lessons address standards within two or more clusters.
- In Topic 4, 0 of the 10 lessons address standards within two or more clusters.
- In Topic 5, 0 of the 8 lessons address standards within two or more clusters.
- In Topic 6, 0 of the 9 lessons address standards within two or more clusters.
- In Topic 7, 0 of the 12 lessons address standards within two or more clusters.
- In Topic 8, 0 of the 9 lessons address standards within two or more clusters.
- In Topic 9, 0 of the 8 lessons address standards within two or more clusters.
- In Topic 10, 0 of the 6 lessons address standards within two or more clusters.
- All 8 of the 8 lessons within Topic 11 address standards in two domains (5.MD and 5.NBT).
- In Topic 12, 2 of the 4 lessons address standards in two domains (5.NF and 5.MD).
- In Topic 13, 0 of the 5 lessons address standards within two or more clusters.
- In Topic 14, 0 of the 4 lessons address standards within two or more clusters.
- In Topic 15, 1 of the 4 lessons address standards in two domains (5.OA and 5.G).
- In Topic 16, 0 of the 4 lessons address standards within two or more clusters.